690+instrument+administrators

What distinguishes researcher-completed instruments from those that subjects or participants complete.

from[| F/W website]

__Ways to Classify Instruments__
 * Research instruments can be classified in many ways. Some of the more common are in terms of who provides the data, the method of data collection, who collects the data, and what kind of response they require from the subjects.
 * Research data are data obtained by directly or indirectly assessing the subjects of a study.
 * Self-report data are data provided by the subjects of a study themselves.
 * Informant data are data provided by other people about the subjects of a study

from F/W ch. 7

instruments adminstrated from researcher:

rating scale is diff. than observation: observe. just sees if behavior is present or not graphic rating scale shows line so you can see what rates

product rating can be done at any time, whereas behavior rating must be done while observing the behavior tally sheet, checklist, flowchart with tally sheet performance checklist noting student actions

anecdotal records: 4 types: 1. evaluative statements (good/bad, acceptable/unacceptalbe) AVOID 2. interpretive statements (explain behavior) AVOID 3. generalized statements (characterizing) AVOID 4. tell exactly, concretely what happened GOOD

time and motion logs: observe over a period of time

Complete participant -- When you take on this persona, your identity is NOT KNOWN to any of the individuals being observed; you interact with others as if you’re “one of them” … because to them, you are! Such covert observation tends to violate the tenets of ethical conduct to which we at the university must adhere.

Participant as observer -- When you take on this persona, you participate fully in the activities of the group under study, but everyone is aware of your role as researcher/evaluator.

Observer as participant -- When you take on this stance, its clear to the group that you’re there in your role as researcher/evaluator; you make no pretense of being part of the group you’re studying. That does not mean you’re inactive, however. When I used to make site visits to schools involved in the Patterns or Triton grant initiatives, this is the persona I adopted. That allowed me to conduct interviews, visit classes, attend meetings, and speak with students -- but my “role” in group activities was superficial at best.

Complete observer -- When you take on this stance, you’re observing as unobtrusively as possible. Subjects in the study may not even realize you’re there!

instruments administrated by the subject: subject completed instruments: questionnaires self-checklist attitude scales: statements of preference: Likert scale: strongly agree (5) agree (4), etc